What does the variance inflation factor indicate?

The variance inflation factor (VIF) is a statistical measure that indicates the potential presence of multicollinearity in a regression model. Multicollinearity occurs when two or more independent variables in a model are highly correlated, which can lead to unreliable and unstable estimates of the regression coefficients. A high VIF value for a given independent variable suggests that this variable is highly correlated with one or more other variables, indicating potential redundancy. Therefore, the correct interpretation of the variance inflation factor is its role in identifying multicollinearity issues, which is crucial for ensuring the validity of regression analysis results. Identifying and addressing issues of multicollinearity is important for improving model integrity and interpretation, thus making B the correct choice.